Page 8 - Australian Pork Newsapaper

The ASF cases reported to the OIE between Jan and Aug 2019 Eastern Europe.
cally through semen. These pig materials are often carried by fomites including vehicles, hu- man clothing and hands, vermin or rarely through
contaminated foodstuffs.
Situation in Europe
In Europe the situation continues on a grind with a progressive slow move- ment across Poland via the movement of wild boar.
Eastern European coun- tries continue to succumb with substantial outbreaks continuing in Romania.
The condition has spread to surrounding countries affecting both wild and commercial pigs.
Belgium is a particular concern to the large west- ern European pig herd.
This is ‘only’ an infec- tion of wild boar – but the Belgium authorities are struggling to deal with the disease and it has spread from a small initial outbreak to become a major problem with over 800 cases.
One issue is that the OIE reports that the disease in Belgium is resolved, stat- ing that the condition is only being found in dead animals and therefore is resolved.
But this is clearly incor- rect.
There is a serious and
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ongoing outbreak in Bel- gium and this needs to be stopped immediately before the commercial farms of central and West- ern Europe starts becom- ing infected.
Asia and the impact on human protein resources The infection spread in-
to Russia a couple of years ago and since then the world has held its breath hoping beyond hope that it would not spread into China and South East Asia.
Unfortunately, in early 2018 the infection did spread into China and has exploded.
The disease is now widespread through the massive Chinese pig herd.
At the beginning of 2018, China had almost half a billion pigs.
The combination of 20 to 80 percent mortality and the need to cull before
pigs get sick, the Chinese herd will be decimated with a loss of 50 percent or even more before we start their recovery.
There are already sub- stantial recovery efforts being made in the larger professional commercial farms.
The adoption of strict biosecurity policies has massively slowed the pro- gression of the virus with- in their companies.
But the disease is not only affecting China, it has spread to all her neighbours causing total devastation to Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, North Korea and Myanmar.
The Philippines pig in- dustry is very worried and is investigation un- explained causes of mor- tality.
China consumes 51 bil-
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The ASF cases reported to the OIE between Jan and Aug 2019 South East Asia.
Page 8 – Australian Pork Newspaper, September 2019
www.porknews.com.au
Global outbreaks reported to the OIE since January 2019 to August 2019.
African swine fever – a year later from China
FOLLOWING the intro- duction in 2007 of ASF type II into Georgia, the pathogen moved west into Eastern Europe and north into Russia and then west into Asia.
Unfortunately, as ex- pected the situation is get-
ting progressively much worse.
Vaccine development, for 40 years, has not pro- duced an effective vac- cine, although Asian sci- entists are progressing with interesting possible vaccines.
I am informed that large scale trials of a couple of hopeful candidates are to happen by the end of 2019.
However, current ideas employ live vaccines and persistence is going to be a significant issue in widespread deployment of any vaccine.
The impact of African swine fever on the pig population is now threat- ening human protein re- sources.
African swine fever is an arthropod borne viral disease of only the suidae.
It does not affect hu- mans, dogs, cows, horses and other mammals.
Its normal route of in- fection is direct from pig to pig (African suidae) or indirect via the tick Cari- os (Orniothodorus).
The movement from pig to pig needs to be through very close con- tact – within three metres and if not, through direct physical contact, mainly through the ingestion of pig material (pork, blood, faeces, saliva) or geneti-
Belgium October 2018.
Belgium August 2019.