Page 15 - Sept

Zinc oxide dietary impact on gut integrity of piglets
If you have any que- ries, contact David Ca- dogan on 0409 049 793 or david.cadogan@feed works.com.au, or Stuart Wilkinson on 0414 487 882 or stuart.wilkinson@ feedworks.com.au
Figure 1: Effect of dietary Zn on gut integrity parameters (significative effect or tendency) MZn = medium Zn level (200-1000 ppm Zn); HZn = high Zn level (> 2000 ppm).
WELCOME to the fourth Animine series of articles, which will review scientific litera- ture on the effects of the pharmacological dosage of zinc oxide in weaned piglet diets.
from 2000 to 3000mg zinc) in comparison to a negative control (< 200mg Zn).
and can prevent uncon- trolled transport of po- tentially harmful agents (ex: endotoxins).
rectly involved in gut in- tegrity.
In the European Union, medicated ZnO is totally banned from June 2022.
The effect of zinc is considered positive when the expression for tight junction proteins is in- creased.
In summary of this review, it is clearly ob- served that zinc and its increasing levels are di-
This aspect is crucial during post-weaning phases and can con- tribute to a better nu- trient absorption for op- timised performance.
It is interesting to note that abroad, a growing number of countries are following this trend – such as China – where the supplementation of pharmacological levels of ZnO is already re- stricted.
Filtering criteria were:
The pharmacological dosage of ZnO is well known for its effect on diarrhoea reduction and improved weight gain of weaned piglets.
• Criteria directly or indirectly related to gut permeability – analyse of genes expression and ac- tivity of intestinal alka- line phosphatase, a met- alloenzyme that plays various roles in the gas- trointestinal tract such as regulation of intestinal pH at the surface of en- terocytes, detoxification of bacterial lipopolysac- charides, modulation of intestinal inflammation, analyse of gene expres- sion involved in tight junctions’ proteins zona- occludens ZO-1 and oc- cludin, which form the continuous intercellular barrier between epithe- lial cells, markers of gut integrity – transepithe- lial electrical resistance, FD4-flux and serum level of diamine oxidase.
It represents the per- centage of studies that demonstrated a positive effect (green) or no ef- fect (grey) of medium zinc levels (MZn – from 200 to 2000mg zinc) or high zinc levels (HZn –
For the expression of ZO-1 protein involved in tight junction, effect is mainly positive – 92 percent with pharma- cological dosage in 12 studies, 78 percent with intermediary dosage in 9 studies.
However, even after decades of use, there is still no consensus on its modes of action.
Increasing the gut in- tegrity reduces passive transcellular absorption
This series of articles reviews existing scien- tific literature with a particular focus on its key effects and mecha- nisms.
the purpose of this re- view.
the gene expression and the activity of IAP in- creased with zinc sup- plementation, which can be related to a better control of the inflamma- tion status and better gut integrity.
For gut integrity, the permeability decreases when TEER increases, or when FD4-flux and DOA increase.
• ZnO supplementation at 2000-3000 mg Zn/kg of complete diet com- pared to a negative con- trol (supplementation < 200 ppm Zn)
Figure 1 summarises the literature findings about the effects of zinc on markers of gut in- tegrity.
In all the selected studies, zinc supplemen- tation showed a neutral or a positive effect.
AUSTRALIAN PORK LIMITED
Elected director vacancy
Nominations are being called for three upcoming APL elected director positions.
As required by Australian Pork Limited’s (APL) constitution, two elected directors of APL will retire by rotation at the AGM being held on 17 November 2022. On this occasion, Edwina Beveridge and Mark McLean will retire. In addition, during the course of the year a casual elected director vacancy arose and the board appointed Richard Horsham to fill that vacan- cy until the forthcoming AGM. As Mr Horsham is filling a casual vacancy, he is also required to retire at the 2022 AGM.
While the three retiring directors are all eligible to seek re-election, Ms Beveridge has ad- vised the Board that she is not standing for re-election to the Board at the 2022 AGM.
Prior to 5.00pm AEDST on Thursday 13 October 2022, candidates for election must:
•Be nominated by either a producer member of APL or a current APL director,
•Provide a consent to the nomination, and
•Provide their curriculum vitae and a written statement addressing their potential contribu- tions to the Board (see below).
Delegates will vote at the AGM to elect candidates to the vacant positions.
The APL Constitution and the Funding Agreement between APL and the Commonwealth Government both require that APL maintains a ‘skills-based Board’.
The APL People & Culture Committee will review all nominations received to determine the impact of each candidate’s skills on the maintenance of a skills-based Board.
APL’s skills-based Board
To assist the Committee to perform this process, nominated candidates are required to pro- vide a curriculum vitae and a written statement specifically addressing their potential contri- bution to any or all the following collective Board core skill and experience competencies: a. Governance
b. Financial management
c. Government relations/public policy/administration d. Production
e. Processing
f. Food industry
g. Promotion and marketing
h. Market development and international marketing i. R&D/R&D administration
j. R&D commercialisation and technology transfer k. Conservation and natural resource management l. Business and management acumen.
Forms and information
For further information or to obtain a nomination or consent form, please contact: Mr Damien Howse
Company Secretary, Australian Pork Limited
Phone: 0431 631 692
companysecretary@australianpork.com.au
It will be also inspired from the latest outcomes of the zinc suppression research network super- vised by Animine.
This ambitious scien- tific programme, in- volving several renowned universities, addresses the suppression of phar- macological ZnO, while studying the proper sup- plementation of the
At weaning, piglets face an important die- tary change from a liquid milk-based diet to a solid cerealbased feed.
potentiated zinc source, HiZox.
Alterations in gut mor- phology are usually ob- served and often related to gut permeability in- crease, both can be pre- disposing factor for diar- rhoea.
Relationship between dietary Zn and gut in- tegrity
A literature review was performed from AniLib database – Animine in- ternal library.
Despite IAP being a promising biomarker for gut health in piglets, only two papers measured this particular parameter.
From a total of 152 publications on pharma- cological use of ZnO in weaned piglets, 20 pa- pers were selected for
In these given studies,
ASF in wild boar
* from P14
infected carcasses of animals.
similar case fatality rates.
This cycle is char- acterised by the con- tinuous presence of the virus in the affected wild boar populations, which represents a se- rious challenge for the pig production sector and wildlife manage- ment authorities, as well as hunters.
Though a total of 23 genotypes of the virus are known to circulate in Africa, only two of them currently occur in Europe.
In the past four years, ASF has become en- demic in wild boar over remarkably large areas and the scale of the problem poses a major threat to the Eu- ropean pig production sector. Characteristics of the ASF virus circu- lating in Europe and Asia
Most recently, geno- type II ASFV was in- troduced and spread over most of China, and from 2018 to 2019 its occurrence range expanded to Mongolia, Vietnam, Cambodia and likely, other coun- tries of the region.
ASF is caused by a DNA virus belonging to the asfarviridae family.
The Genotype II virus now circulating in Europe and Asia has a very high case fatality rate in almost any infected pig, ir- respective of whether they are wild or do- mestic.
It affects only those species belonging to the suidae family.
The genetic struc- ture of ASFV is rather stable and thus the use of molecular epidemi- ology for tracing back the origin of the virus is of limited use.
In Europe, the sole susceptible species are domestic pigs and wild boar.
They show similar clinical signs and have
Genotype II spread extensively in eastern Europe from 2007, while genotype I has been reported in Sar- dinia Italy only.
www.porknews.com.au
Australian Pork Newspaper, September 2022 – Page 15